| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2020 | Volume
: 33
| Issue : 1 | Page : 46-50 |
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Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (Proliferative and Nonproliferative) in type 2 diabetic patients in sulaimani diabetic and endocrine center
Dedar Mustafa Mohammed1, Bushra Mohammed Ali2
1 Department of Family Medicine, Kurdistan Ministry of Health, University of Al-Sulaimania, Kurdistan, Sulaimania, Iraq
2 Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Sulaimania, Sulaimani, Sulaimania, Iraq
Correspondence Address:
Bushra Mohammed Ali
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Sulaimania, Sulaimani, Sulaimania
Iraq
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/IRJCM.IRJCM_2_20
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Background: There is increasing incidence of diabetes around the world. Moreover, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of blindness among working age adults. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of DR in type 2 diabetic patients and to estimate the risk factors and their relationship to the development of DR. Patients and Methods: A case–control study was done on 262 type 2 diabetic patients with DR compared to 262 diabetic patients without DR. Further, retrospective cross-sectional study was done on cases with DR in Sulaimani/Iraq. Data were collected from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017. Association between variables was tested by Chi-square test; P ≤ 0.05 was regarded as significant. Results: The prevalence of DR was 8.6%. The mean age of the patients with DR was 59.65 ± 7.55 years, with female being 31%. Age, gender, body mass index, and serum triglycerides were not associated with increasing risk for the development of DR (P = 0.147, 0.536, 0.573, 0.111, respectively), while cases with poor glycemic control, longer duration of diabetes mellitus, history of hypertension with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), and high serum cholesterol (P = 0.005) associated with increasing risk of DR. Conclusions: Poor glycemic control, history of hypertension, duration of diabetes >10 years, and high serum cholesterol are regarded as risk factors for the development of DR in diabetic patients.
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